The light is EM-radiation, where electric anf magnetic fields varies as a function of time. They oscillate in right angles such that the direction of propagation is perpendicular to both fields.
The light travels in vacuum at 300000 km/s, no ether is needed as demonstrated by Michelson and Morley in 1879.
In the medium different colors propagate at different speeds in other words they have different refractive index.
According to Snell law, this leads to different amount of refraction taking place in the boundary between two optically different media.
The white light can be split in colors for example in prism, in diamond or in water droplet.
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